Ketamine Infusion Therapy – A Simple Overview

What is ketamine infusion therapy?

Ketamine is a medicine originally used for anesthesia. However, research has shown that ketamine infusion therapy can help treat chronic pain, depression, and anxiety, even when other treatments haven’t worked. Its unique way of working can bring improvement in symptoms within hours. However, the effect is not guaranteed and some patients may experience a relapse even with repeated treatments or increased doses.

How does ketamine work?

The immediate effects vary between individuals, ranging from mild confusion to a full dissociative state — where patients may feel like they are outside their body or experience blurred thoughts. If the effect is too strong, doctors will reduce the dose, and the symptoms will quickly go away. A calm, supportive environment and caring staff help ensure that patients have a positive experience during treatment.

What conditions can ketamine therapy help with?

  • Chronic pain relief
  • Depression and anxiety symptom reduction
  • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
  • Improved sleep quality

Combining ketamine therapy with psychotherapy and lifestyle changes usually leads to better and longer-lasting results.

When is ketamine not recommended?

Ketamine should not be used in patients with schizophrenia.

Risks and side effects:

Side effects may include:

  • Vivid dreams or nightmares
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Dizziness and blurred vision
  • Increased saliva production
  • Elevated heart rate and blood pressure
  • Sensation of leaving the body

These side effects are usually temporary and resolve after treatment. Always inform your healthcare team if you experience anything unusual.

What to expect during and after treatment:

  • The infusion lasts about 3-4 hours.
  • Your heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen levels, and ECG will be closely monitored.
  • After treatment, you cannot drive and will need someone to take you home.
  • Avoid making important decisions or drinking alcohol on the treatment day.
  • You can return to your normal activities the next day.
  • The number of treatments depends on how well the first session works.

How to prepare for the therapy:

  • You will need an EKG and blood tests (liver, kidney function, blood count) done within 3 months before treatment.
  • Continue taking your regular medications as usual.
  • Usually, you don’t need a companion, but it’s good to have someone with you if you feel unwell.

Follow fasting instructions carefully (no food before treatment, but you may drink water up to 2 hours prior).

References

Standardized ketamine infusion protocol for chronic refractory pain: a retrospective study of preliminary effectiveness and treatment completion